International Journal of Business and Social Science

ISSN 2219-1933 (Print), 2219-6021 (Online) DOI: 10.30845/ijbss

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Original Research Article | Open Access | Peer Reviewed update icon Check for updates

The Impact of Self-Determination and Attitudes toward Aging on Retirement Planning among Older Adults: A Moderated Mediation Model of Socioeconomic Factors

Chin-Chu Lu Email , Ruey-Der Twu , and Kuo-Chung Huang
Abstract As global societies age, retirement planning becomes a critical issue for older adults. This study investigates the interplay between self-determination, attitudes toward aging, and retirement planning. We test a moderated mediation model where attitudes toward aging mediate the relationship between self-determination and retirement planning, with this indirect effect being conditional on socioeconomic factors. A survey of 381 adults aged 55 and over was analyzed using SPSS and the PROCESS macro. Results confirm that attitudes toward aging mediate the impact of self-determination on retirement planning. This mediation is moderated by socioeconomic status; higher monthly income enhances the positive effect of self-determination on aging attitudes, suggesting financial resources foster a more autonomous approach to aging. Conversely, occupation type negatively moderates retirement planning, implying that factors like high workload or adverse pension systems can impede preparation. These findings underscore the need for policies that account for individual and socioeconomic diversity to improve older adults' retirement well-being.
Full Text: PDF   |   DOI: https://doi.org/10.30845/ijbss.vol16p7
Article History:
Received: 9 July 2025 | Accepted: 22 August 2025 | Published: 26 August 2025
Reviewer(s): Dr. Ioanna Dimitrakaki, Professor of Business Management, International Hellenic University, Greece; ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8140-3033; Phone Number: 6983728696.
Email: [email protected] Ferdinan Ngomba VEVANJE, National Advanced School of Public Works Annex-Buea, Cameroon; ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0009- 0009-7788-8857; Phone Number: 673-621-419.
Email: [email protected]
Address for Correspondence: Chin-Chu Lu, Ph.D. Student, Department of Business Administration, Nanhua University, Chiayi, Taiwan.
[email protected]
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