Validation of an Inventory Measuring Competencies Required from Senior Management to Pilot Change Successfully: An Exploratory Study in SMEs
Abdelhadi Naji; Roland Foucher; Said, Echchakoui,

Abstract
Roles played by managers have been pointed out as one of the factors explaining the success of organizational change projects. However, the competencies required to perform these roles have not been previously examined. This article develops an instrument intended to measure the competencies that senior managers need to master to successfully manage organizational change. Drawing on Churchill’s (1979) approach to develop a questionnaire we followed these stages: a literature review to identify the construct to measure and develop a preliminary model of aspects to consider; a first validation of the preliminary model throughout a Delphi study; a quantitative study composed of an exploratory factor analysis of the answers provided by senior managers to a questionnaire, and an analysis of the results by confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the latter are in line with the preliminary ones: a model combining the behavioral manifestations of competencies based on seven items.

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