Impact of Post-Election Violence and Mobile-Money Services on Remittances in Kenya
Dr. Christine Nanjala Simiyu

Abstract
During the violence following the 2007 general elections in Kenya, it was reported that around 1,000 people were killed and over 500,000 people were displaced. Again, the 2007 elections in Kenya occurred after M-PESA, the mobile-money services, had been launched in March 2007. This paper investigates the impact of the violence, and mobile-money services on remittance receipts using a panel survey of 295 households living in Rift Valley and Nyanza Provinces. Random Effects (RE) Probit and RE Tobit models are applied on the data. The results show that remittance flows to violence victims increased in the aftermath of the 2007 post-election violence to hot conflict zones of Nakuru district in Rift Valley province. Mobile-money services, however, were not useful in terms of remittance receipts to victimized households.

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