Toleration as a Mean in Multiculturalism
Jamal Shah

Abstract
Multiculturalism based on toleration negates the politics of exclusion. Scholarly research on the histories of exclusion, degradation, non-recognition and difference of cultural groups suggests that multiculturalism must address histories of exclusion and domination. Now a question arises “What are the basis of multiculturalism as an approach? The present work tries to put and justify the thesis that it is toleration which forms the basis of approaches to modern multicultural societies. The study highlights the works of prominent scholars in the field; namely John Rawls, John Raz, Parekh, Will Kymlicka, and Chandran Kukathas and tries to show with justification that the base of each scholar’s theory is toleration. The work also catches a different aspect of toleration as an answer to the problems of pluralism-toleration as compromise. It shows that in majority of the cases toleration is not applied as a value in itself; rather it is applied for the sake of another value(s)-reward, peace and order or peaceful co-existence to mention a few.

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