Transnational Open and Distance Learning: A Framework for Turkey as an Importer Country
Serpil KOCDAR, Cengiz Hakan AYDIN

Abstract
Transnational higher education has been an increasingly important phenomenon since the 1980’s, due to globalization and the consequent international expansion of higher education institutions. Especially developing countries are mainly importers and these countries express their concerns about the liberalization of trade and cross-border movement of educational services due to not having adequate legal regulations. Despite some initiatives, the evaluation and quality control of overseas higher education providers is still very much at the formative stage. Moreover, the majority of the existing regulations encompass face-to-face education rather than ODL. In this context, the purpose of this study is to develop a recognition framework for transnational ODL practices appropriate for Turkey as an importer country by seeking the opinions of experts in the field of ODL and/or quality assurance/accreditation. The data were collected via a three-round Delphi study and a focus group interview. As a result, a framework was proposed for transnational ODL practices for Turkey as an importer country.

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