Turkey and the United States: Entrepreneurship Activity, Motives, Aspirations, and Perceptions
Barry A. Friedman,  Nergis Aziz

Abstract
The goal of this study is to explore the motives of Turkish and United States entrepreneurs. While similar in several aspects, Turkey and the U.S. differ along demographic, economical, governance and cultural variables, and these differences have implications for entrepreneurship motivation, activity, aspirations, and perceptions. Turkish entrepreneurs are motivated more by necessity, while U.S. entrepreneurs are motivated more by opportunity. While there was greater entrepreneurial activity in the U.S., individuals in Turkey had higher aspirations and expectations than did individuals in the U.S. A higher percentage of individuals in Turkey anticipated more entrepreneurial growth and viewed entrepreneurship as a more attractive career choice with high status. We discuss finding implications with respect to initiatives in Turkey intended to encourage entrepreneurship.

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